外经外贸法规

最高人民法院关于审理国际贸易行政案件若干问题的规定

　　为依法公正及时地审理国际贸易行政案件，根据《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》（以下简称行政诉讼法）、《中华人民共和国立法法》（以下简称立法法）以及其他有关法律的规定，制定本规定。

　　第一条　下列案件属于本规定所称国际贸易行政案件：
　　（一）有关国际货物贸易的行政案件；
　　（二）有关国际服务贸易的行政案件；
　　（三）与国际贸易有关的知识产权行政案件；
　　（四）其他国际贸易行政案件。

　　第二条　人民法院行政审判庭依法审理国际贸易行政案件。

　　第三条　自然人、法人或者其他组织认为中华人民共和国具有国家行政职权的机关和组织及其工作人员（以下统称行政机关）有关国际贸易的具体行政行为侵犯其合法权益的，可以依照行政诉讼法以及其他有关法律、法规的规定，向人民法院提起行政诉讼。

　　第四条　当事人的行为发生在新法生效之前，行政机关在新法生效之后对该行为作出行政处理决定的，当事人可以依照新法的规定提起行政诉讼。

　　第五条　第一审国际贸易行政案件由具有管辖权的中级以上人民法院管辖。

　　第六条　人民法院审理国际贸易行政案件，应当依照行政诉讼法，并根据案件具体情况，从以下方面对被诉具体行政行为进行合法性审查：
　　（一）主要证据是否确实、充分；
　　（二）适用法律、法规是否正确；
　　（三）是否违反法定程序；
　　（四）是否超越职权；
　　（五）是否滥用职权；
　　（六）行政处罚是否显失公正；
　　（七）是否不履行或者拖延履行法定职责。

　　第七条　根据行政诉讼法第五十二条第一款及立法法第六十三条第一款和第二款规定，人民法院审理国际贸易行政案件，应当依据中华人民共和国法律、行政法规以及地方立法机关在法定立法权限范围内制定的有关或者影响国际贸易的地方性法规。地方性法规适用于本行政区域内发生的国际贸易行政案件。

　　第八条　根据行政诉讼法第五十三条第一款及立法法第七十一条、第七十二条和第七十三条规定，人民法院审理国际贸易行政案件，参照国务院部门根据法律和国务院的行政法规、决定、命令，在本部门权限范围内制定的有关或者影响国际贸易的部门规章，以及省、自治区，直辖市和省、自治区的人民政府所在地的市、经济特区所在地的市、国务院批准的较大的市的人民政府根据法律、行政法规和地方性法规制定的有关或者影响国际贸易的地方政府规章。

　　第九条　人民法院审理国际贸易行政案件所适用的法律、行政法规的具体条文存在两种以上的合理解释，其中有一种解释与中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约的有关规定相一致的，应当选择与国际条约的有关规定相一致的解释，但中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。

　　第十条　外国人、无国籍人、外国组织在中华人民共和国进行国际贸易行政诉讼，同中华人民共和国公民、组织有同等的诉讼权利和义务，但有行政诉讼法第七十一条第二款规定的情形的，适用对等原则。

　　第十一条　涉及香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区当事人的国际贸易行政案件，参照本规定处理。

　　第十二条　本规定自２００２年１０月１日起施行。

Provisions on Certain Questions Concerning the Hearing and Handling of International Trade Administrative Cases

Announcement of the Supreme People's Court

Article 1 The following cases are international trade administrative cases as used in these Provisions:

1) Administrative cases relating to international goods trade;
2) Administrative cases relating to international service trade;
3) Intellectual property administrative cases relating to international trade;
4) Other international trade administrative cases.

Article 2 The administrative tribunal of a people's court shall hear the international trade administrative cases.

Article 3 If a natural person, legal person or other organization believes that the specific administrative acts relating to international trade conducted by the body or organization with administrative powers, as well as the staff thereof, of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as administrative body) have infringed upon his/its legitimate rights and interests, he/it may file an administrative action with the people's court pursuant to the Administrative Litigation Law as well as other relevant laws and regulations.

Article 4 If the acts of the party occurred before a new law takes effect and the administrative body made the decision of administrative treatment after that, the party may file the administrative action pursuant to the new law.

Article 5 International trade administrative cases of the first instance shall be under the jurisdiction of the people's courts at the intermediate level or above with the jurisdiction.

Article 6 In the hearing of an international trade administrative case, a people's court shall make the legality examination of the accused specific administrative acts in the following aspects pursuant to the Administrative Litigation Law and in light of the specific details of the case:
1) Whether the major evidence is true and adequate;
2) Whether the application of law is correct;
3) Whether there is any violation of legal procedures;
4) Whether there is any ultra virus;
5) Whether there is any misuse of authority;
6) Whether the administrative punishment is obviously unjust;
7) Whether there is any failure to perform or delay in performing the legal duties.

Article 7 According to Paragraph 1 of Article 52 of the Administrative Litigation Law and Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 63 of the Legislation Law, a people's court shall, in the hearing of international trade administrative cases, follow the laws and administrative regulations of the People's Republic of China, as well as the local regulations, which relate to or affect the international trade, enacted by the local legislatures within the statutory legislative authority.

Article 8 According to Paragraph 1 of Article 53 of the Administrative Litigation Law and Articles 71, 72 and 73 of the Legislation Law, a people's court shall, in the hearing of international trade administrative cases, refer to the ministry rules【参照部门规章】, which relate to or affect the international trade, enacted by the departments under the State Council within their respective authority in accordance with laws and the administrative regulations, decisions and orders of the State Council, and shall refer to the regulations of local governments, which relate to or affect the international trade, enacted by the people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities where the people's governments of the provinces and autonomous regions are located, cities where the special economic regions are located, and relatively large cities approved by the State Council in accordance with the laws, administrative regulations and local regulations.

Article 9 If there are two or more reasonable interpretations for a specific clause of the law or administrative regulation applied by a people's court in the hearing of an international trade administrative case, and among which one interpretation is consistent with the relevant provisions of the international treaty that the PRC concluded or entered into, such interpretation shall prevail, with the exception of the clauses on which the PRC claims reservation.

Article 10 Foreigners, persons without nationalities or foreign organizations that participate in international trade administrative cases within the PRC shall enjoy the same litigation rights and assume the same litigation obligations as those of the citizens and organizations of the PRC, however, in the situation provided for in Paragraph 2 of Article 71 of the Administrative Litigation Law, the principle of reciprocity shall apply.

Article 11 International trade administrative cases involving parties from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan area shall be handled with reference to these Provisions.

Article 12 These Provisions shall come into force on October 1, 2002.

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